CLASSIFICATION, DEFINITION, AXIOM&THEOREM

CLASSIFICATION- distinction, identification, organization of two or more items; it is the differentiation of 2 or more objects and that two or more objects are not ever exactly alike. -GOTTFRIED WILHELM von LEIBNIZ

Plato's Theories of Universals:

• Universalia in re(universals in the things)- everything is combination of form and matter.
• Universalia ante rem(universals before the thing)- the link between members of a class are all imitations of an archetype.
• Universalia post rem9universals after the thing)- nothing general, only particular.

Different Of Similarity:

• Genetic Similarity- having similar origins.
• Structural Similarity- similar constituent parts
• Functional Similarity- similar behavior
• Apparent Similarity- similar external features.

DEFINITION- statement of the essential properties of certain thing.


Kinds of Definition:

1. Lexical- a dictionary definition
2. Extentional- general term is just a collection of individual things
3. Intentional- sets of features
4. Contextual- offer schema for defining a sentence
5. Stipulative- specification of a meaning
6. Ostensive- pointing out the meaning
7. Operational- definition of quantity

AXIOM&THEOREM


Axiom- proposition that is not proved.
Theorem- a statement which has been established the validity.
Axiomatic System- set of axioms.


Characteristics of Axiomatic System

• Independent
• Complete
• Consistent