SCIENCE IN THE 19TH CENTURY

19th century- appears as a golden age.

Science expanded successfully into new fields of inquiry, combination of math and experiment in physics, application of theory to experiment in chemistry and controlled experimentation in biology.

BREAKTHROUGH IN:

• iron and steel technology
• electricity
• weapons
• physics and chemistry
• sociology, psychology and biology

Dalton- English schoolmaster. he proposed that atoms were the smallest indistructible parts of matter.

Mendelev- he began to developed the table of elements which helped in the discovery of new elements.

RADIUM

• Pierre and Marie Curie announced the discovery of the element radium
• radium is easily separated
• existence of the second element, demonstrated by its radioactive properties.

PSYCHOLOGY

• Sigmund Freud looked for explanation for individual human behavior beyond the National level

BIOLOGY

• Charles Darwin developed the Hitory of Evolution

DIFFERENCES IN STYLE OF RESEARCH

Progress in PHYSICS

1. Hans Christian Oersted- electic current produces a magnetic field
2. Michael Faraday- reverse effect
3. Joseph Henry- built the 1st powerful electromagnets and invented the electric motor
4. James Prescott Joule- 1st law of thermodynamics
5. Wilhelm Roentgen- x-ray
6. Marie Curie- gave the name radioactive, she and her husband Pierre Curi went on to discover polonium and radium

Progress in CHEMISTRY

1. Friedrich Wohler- prepared urea in a test tube from inorganic starting materials
2. Baron Justus Von liebig- chemical fertilizers
3. Dmitri Mendeleev- systematic and periodic arrangement

Progress in ASTRONOMY

1. Sir William Herchel- uranus did notb t precisely mve in its expected orbit
2. Urban J.J. Everrier- neptune

Progress in BIOLOGY

1. Karl Ernst Von Baer- embryology
2. Charles Darwin- Origin of Speies
3. Gregor Mendel- Pattern of inheritance of characteristic from one generation of sweet peas to other.

Progress in MEDICINE

1. William Morton- anesthetics
2. Louis Pasteur- methods of immunizing people
3. Joseph Lister- antiseptic surgery
4. Walter Reed- yellow fever is caused by a virus carried by a mosquito.